Ecommerce, also known as electronic commerce or
internet commerce, refers to the buying and selling of goods or
services using the internet, and the transfer of money and data to execute
these transactions.
Data can be represented either in analog or digital form. The computers used the digital form to store the information. Therefore, the data needs to be converted in digital form so that it can be used by a computer. DIGITAL-TO-DIGITAL CONVERSION Digital-to-digital encoding is the representation of digital information by a digital signal. When binary 1s and 0s generated by the computer are translated into a sequence of voltage pulses that can be propagated over a wire, this process is known as digital-to-digital encoding. Digital-to-digital encoding is divided into three categories: Unipolar Encoding Polar Encoding Bipolar Encoding Unipolar Digital transmission system sends the voltage pulses over the medium link such as wire or cable. In most types of encoding, one voltage level represents 0, and another voltage level represents 1. The polarity of each pulse determines whether it is positive or negative. This type of encoding is known as Unipolar encoding as it ...
Computers can be broadly classified by their speed and computing power. S.No. Type Specifications 1 PC (Personal Computer) It is a single user computer system having moderately powerful microprocessor 2 Workstation It is also a single user computer system, similar to personal computer however has a more powerful microprocessor. 3 Mini Computer It is a multi-user computer system, capable of supporting hundreds of users simultaneously. 4 Main Frame It is a multi-user computer system, capable of supporting hundreds of users simultaneously. Software technology is different from minicomputer. 5 Supercomputer It is an extremely fast computer, which can execute hundreds of millions of instructions per second.
Transmission media is a communication channel that carries the information from the sender to the receiver. Data is transmitted through the electromagnetic signals. The main functionality of the transmission media is to carry the information in the form of bits through LAN (Local Area Network). It is a physical path between transmitter and receiver in data communication. In a copper-based network, the bits in the form of electrical signals. In a fibre based network, the bits in the form of light pulses. In OSI (Open System Interconnection) phase, transmission media supports the Layer 1. Therefore, it is considered to be as a Layer 1 component. The electrical signals can be sent through the copper wire, fibre optics, atmosphere, water, and vacuum. The characteristics and quality of data transmission are determined by the characteristics of medium and signal. Transmission media is of two types are wired media and wireless media. In wired media, medium characteristics...
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